{"id":1821,"date":"2021-01-24T18:42:37","date_gmt":"2021-01-24T18:42:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.roqu-group.com\/arsenal\/?page_id=1821"},"modified":"2021-03-26T17:34:26","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T17:34:26","slug":"%e4%b8%89%e7%ba%bf%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%be%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%86%85%e5%9c%b0%e5%9f%8e%e5%b8%82%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.roqu-group.com\/arsenal\/home-pro\/home\/%e5%85%b6%e4%bb%96\/%e9%87%8d%e5%a4%a7%e5%86%b3%e7%ad%96%e4%ba%8b%e4%bb%b6\/%e4%b8%89%e7%ba%bf%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%be\/%e4%b8%89%e7%ba%bf%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%be%e4%b8%8e%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%86%85%e5%9c%b0%e5%9f%8e%e5%b8%82%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\uff081964~1980\u5e74\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u4ee5\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u8fdb\u7a0b\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u56fd\u9632\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u626d\u8f6c\u4e86\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u843d\u540e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3a\u5185\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u9053\u8def\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe \u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02 \u5de5\u4e1a\u5316 \u57ce\u5e02\u5316<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Third-line Construction and Development of China Inland Cities<\/b>\uff081964~1980\uff09<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

ZHOU Mingchang<\/p>\n

\uff08Department of history, Nanjing University, Nanjing,210093,China\uff09<\/p>\n

Abstract:<\/b> As the center of preparing for war, taking national defense and heavy industry as core, the Third-line Construction was embodied into the mainstreaming process of Chinese urban modernization and got large-scale development. Cities growing in the Third-line, not only played a major role in national defense security and economic construction, but also turned round the backwardness of western cities, built a foundation for the development of inland economy and society. At the same time, the layout of cities in the Third-line promoted the great reconstruction of Chinese city system and had an important influence on the path of Chinese urbanization.<\/p>\n

Key words:<\/b> the Third-line Construction; inland cities; industrialization; urbanization<\/p>\n

1964\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u5bf9\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u56fd\u5185\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e25\u5cfb\u6311\u6218\u548c\u5c3d\u5feb\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6218\u7565\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u4ece\u5f53\u5e74\u79cb\u81f31980\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3e\u5168\u56fd\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u94c1\u8def\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5148\u5bfc\u3001\u4ee5\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u201d [\u2460] \u5927\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u94a2\u94c1\u3001\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u7535\u529b\u3001\u6709\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u89c4\u6a21\u7a7a\u524d\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u65e5\u4e45\u7684\u201c\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u65e2\u8f83\u5feb\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6218\u7565\u540e\u65b9\u57fa\u5730\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d [\u2461] \u7684\u91cd\u5927\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u673a\u9047\u3002\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5f3a\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u8fc5\u901f\u5d1b\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u8fd1300\u7bc7\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u4e13\u84577\u90e8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u679c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u548c\u5404\u7701\u533a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u7701\u4ee5\u4e0b\u533a\u57df\u3001\u67d0\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u62d9\u6587\u62df\u4ece\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u6765\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5bf9\u5185\u5730\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u5c06\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7814\u7a76\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5907\u6218\u5bfc\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ca\u5176\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40<\/b><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u91cd\u5927\u51b3\u7b56\u4f5c\u51fa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5bf9\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u594b\u6597\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u5e03\u5c40\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf91965\u5e74\u548c\u201c\u4e09\u4e94\u201d\u3001\u201c\u56db\u4e94\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u5b89\u6392\u4e0a\u3002 [\u2462] 1965\u5e749\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u59d4\u5728\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u5b89\u6392\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u6c47\u62a5\u63d0\u7eb2\uff08\u8349\u7a3f\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u5fc5\u987b\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4ece\u51c6\u5907\u5927\u6253\u3001\u65e9\u6253\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u5907\u6218\uff0c\u628a\u56fd\u9632\u5efa\u8bbe\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u52a0\u5feb\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u6539\u53d8\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e03\u5c40\u3002\u201d [\u2463] \u8fd9\u65e0\u7591\u5f70\u663e\u51fa\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u201c\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5907\u6218\u5bfc\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u594b\u6597\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u5728\u7eb5\u6df1\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u897f\u5357\u548c\u897f\u5317\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6e58\u897f\u3001\u9102\u897f\u3001\u8c6b\u897f\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540e\u65b9\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u201c\u521d\u6b65\u8bbe\u60f3\u7528\u4e09\u5e74\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u4e00\u70b9\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u628a\u91cd\u5e86\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u7da6\u6c5f\u5230\u9102\u897f\u7684\u957f\u6c5f\u4e0a\u4e2d\u6e38\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cd\u94a2\u4e3a\u539f\u6599\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u80fd\u591f\u5236\u9020\u5e38\u89c4\u6b66\u5668\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u68b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u7528\u4e09\u5e74\u6216\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u628a\u9152\u6cc9\u94a2\u94c1\u5382\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u6599\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u5317\u5730\u533a\u521d\u6b65\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5236\u9020\u5e38\u89c4\u6b66\u5668\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u673a\u68b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u7528\u4e03\u5e74\u5230\u516b\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u6500\u679d\u82b1\u539f\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u51b6\u91d1\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u71c3\u6599\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u201d [\u2464] \u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u9009\u5740\u548c\u5e03\u70b9\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u5373\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u65b0\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5341\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\uff1b\u4e00\u5207\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u8bba\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6267\u884c\u5206\u6563\u3001\u9760\u5c71\u3001\u9690\u853d\u7684\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u67d0\u51e0\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u6216\u70b9\u3002\u201d  [\u2465] \u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u8981\u575a\u51b3\u6267\u884c\u201c\u9760\u5c71\u3001\u5206\u6563\u3001\u9690\u853d\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u5c16\u7aef\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u8fdb\u6d1e\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u201c\u5927\u5206\u6563\u3001\u5c0f\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u591a\u641e\u5c0f\u57ce\u9547\u201d  [\u2466] \u3002\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece1965\u5e74\u8d77\u572811\u4e2a\u7701\u533a\u8fc5\u901f\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6b64\u540e10\u4f59\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c1965~1980\u5e74\u95f4\u56fd\u5bb6\u7d2f\u8ba1\u5411\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u6295\u8d44\u8fbe2052.68\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u540c\u671f\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u603b\u6295\u8d44\u768439.01%\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u88681\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u88681  \u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6295\u8d44\u7edf\u8ba1\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u4ebf\u5143\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

   \u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n

\u7701\u533a<\/td>\n

\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1965\u5e74<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201c\u4e09\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201c\u56db\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u201c\u4e94\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u5c0f\u8ba1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u56db\u5ddd<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

132.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

136.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

125.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

414.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u8d35\u5dde<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48.89<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

139.19<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u4e91\u5357<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

46.36<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55.31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

150.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u9655\u897f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40.27<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

86.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76.10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

208.38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u7518\u8083<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43.96<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

54.34<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

155.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u6cb3\u5357<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

38.88<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

96.22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

216.78<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u6e56\u5317<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

54.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

103.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

153.29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

317.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u6e56\u5357<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

35.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

65.92<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67.64<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

174.88<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u5c71\u897f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32.39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

57.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

74.52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

169.54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u9752\u6d77<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.98<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12.16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17.12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

64.21<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u5b81\u590f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12.29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

17.74<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

42.06<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5408\u8ba1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

78.13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

482.44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

703.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

788.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2052.68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u8ba1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

179.61<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

976.03<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1763.95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2342.17<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5261.76<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u7684%<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43.50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

49.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

39.91<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

33.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

39.01<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\u5185\u90e8\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c32\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5176\u5b8f\u89c2\u5e03\u5c40\u662f\u201c\u5927\u5206\u6563\u201d\u4e8e11\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ebf\u7701\u533a200\u4f59\u53bf\u7684\u4e0a\u767e\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u53ca\u5176\u90e8\u5206\u4e18\u9675\u4e0e\u5c71\u533a\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002 [\u2467] \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u5feb\u5efa\u6210\u6218\u7565\u5927\u540e\u65b9\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5728\u4e2d\u89c2\u5e03\u5c40\u65b9\u9762\u5374\u53c8\u9002\u5ea6\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5c0f\u96c6\u4e2d\u201d\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ece\u88681\u4e09\u7ebf\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u7701\u533a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u3001\u9655\u897f\u3001\u7518\u8083\u3001\u6cb3\u5357\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u516d\u7701\u5171\u6295\u8d441451.04\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u5360\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u603b\u6295\u8d44\u768470.6%\u3002\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u516d\u7701\u7684\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u91c7\u53d6\u6cbf\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea4\u901a\u5e72\u9053\u548c\u4f9d\u6258\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u4e2d\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u2014\u91cd\u5e86\u5730\u533a\u3001\u5ddd\u6ec7\u9ed4\u4ea4\u754c\u5730\u533a\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u2014\u5b9d\u9e21\u5730\u533a\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u2014\u5929\u6c34\u5730\u533a\u3001\u8c6b\u897f\u3001\u9102\u897f\u5317\u5730\u533a\u7b49\u5904\uff0c\u89c4\u5212\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u9aa8\u5e72\u4f01\u4e1a\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5bc6\u96c6\u533a\u6216\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5bc6\u96c6\u5e26 [\u2468] \u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u5e03\u5c40\u8bb2\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u201c\u5c0f\u96c6\u4e2d\u201d\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u91cd\u8981\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4f9d\u6258\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u539f\u201c\u4e00\u4e94\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e8c\u4e94\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u5df2\u89c4\u5212\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u5740\u548c\u5e03\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c3d\u5feb\u53d1\u6325\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u6548\u76ca\u548c\u5e26\u52a8\u5730\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u8fc1\u9879\u76ee\u5747\u662f\u9996\u9009\u5185\u5730\u201c\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u201d\u540e\u4e0b\u9a6c\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u8bbe\u65bd\u6216\u65e2\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u5efa\u3001\u6269\u5efa\u6216\u5408\u5e76\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\u53c8\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8054\u5408\u9009\u5382\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5de5\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5bf9\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u7ec4\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u76f8\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u529b\u56fe\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u914d\u5957\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0e\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u539f\u6709\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u3002 [\u2469] \u5404\u7701\u533a\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u201c\u9760\u8fd1\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u4ea7\u5730\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u6cbf\u7740\u94c1\u8def\u4e24\u4fa7\u548c\u6c5f\u6cb3\u4e24\u5cb8\u5e03\u70b9\u201d\u3002 [11] \u4ee5\u5168\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u6cbf\u6210\u6e1d\u3001\u5b9d\u6210\u3001\u5ddd\u9ed4\u3001\u6210\u6606\u7b49\u94c1\u8def\u5e72\u7ebf\u4e24\u4fa7\u5e03\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6cbf\u957f\u6c5f\u3001\u5609\u9675\u6c5f\u3001\u6e20\u6c5f\u4e24\u5cb8\u5e03\u70b9\u201d\u3002 [12] \u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u5177\u4f53\u5e03\u70b9\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e5f\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u6258\u539f\u6709\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u57fa\u7840\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5bf9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5e03\u5c40\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u56db\u5ddd\u4e09\u7ebf\u91cd\u70b9\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5e03\u70b9\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u6258\u65e2\u6709\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u89c4\u5212\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e865\u4e2a\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4ee5\u822a\u7a7a\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u6838\u5de5\u4e1a\u7b49\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5ddd\u897f\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u94a2\u94c1\u3001\u9020\u8239\u3001\u5e38\u89c4\u6b66\u5668\u7b49\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u91cd\u5e86\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u76d0\u5316\u5de5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u81ea\u8d21\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u5b9c\u5bbe\u3001\u6cf8\u5dde\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4ee5\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u5ddd\u5357\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u897f\u660c\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4ee5\u94a2\u94c1\u53ca\u6709\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6500\u897f\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u3002 [13] \u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u9879\u76ee\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8c03\u6574\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6307\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3a\u5730\u5904\u4e09\u7ebf\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fbe\u5230\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u57281965~1980\u5e74\u95f4\u5bf911\u4e2a\u7701\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9ad8\u503e\u659c\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u95e8\u7c7b\u6bd4\u8f83\u9f50\u5168\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u4ee5\u5927\u4e2d\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u76848\u5927\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1a\u4ee5\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u91cd\u5e86\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6210\u6e1d\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5ddd\u9ed4\u6ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5173\u4e2d\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u5929\u6c34\u3001\u91d1\u660c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5170\u5dde\u2014\u5929\u6c34\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u6b66\u6c49\u3001\u5927\u51b6\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u2014\u5927\u51b6\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u5341\u5830\u3001\u8944\u6a0a\u3001\u5b9c\u660c\u3001\u679d\u57ce\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u9102\u897f\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u5e73\u9876\u5c71\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8c6b\u897f\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff1b\u4ee5\u957f\u6c99\u3001\u682a\u6d32\u3001\u6e58\u6f6d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6e58\u4e2d\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u3002 [14] \u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd1964\u5e74\u8fd170%\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u300140.7 %\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u548c54.4%\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u96c6\u4e8e\u4e1c\u90e8\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6781\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c [15] \u4ece\u800c\u5f3a\u529b\u62c9\u52a8\u7740\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u8dc3\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u5185\u5730\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5174\u8d77<\/b><\/p>\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7684\u6839\u672c\u52a8\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u533a\u57df\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u201c\u5907\u6218\u201d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u53d1\u5c55\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u7c7b\u522b\u7ec4\u6210\u53ca\u9879\u76ee\u89c4\u6a21\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3001\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u4e3e\u51e1\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u804c\u80fd\u3001\u5730\u57df\u4e0e\u89c4\u6a21\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u83ab\u4e0d\u6df1\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u4f46\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5212\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u653f\u7b56\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4e3a\u914d\u5408\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u89c4\u5212\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u4ee5\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u4f9d\u6258\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u6709\u529b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5185\u5730\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u57ce\u5e02\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u8fc5\u901f\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u66f4\u63a8\u52a8\u7740\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u4ece\u6b64\u5168\u9762\u8fc8\u5165\u4e86\u4ee5\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\u9009\u5740\u53ca\u5176\u914d\u5957\u5efa\u8bbe\u9644\u5c5e\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5728\u5185\u5730\u975e\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\u96c6\u4e2d\u5174\u5efa\u4e86\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u5341\u5830\u3001\u91d1\u660c4\u4e2a\u65b0\u57ce\u5e02\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f9d\u6258\u4e8e\u65e2\u6709\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57ce\u9547\u800c\u5e03\u70b9\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u80fd\u591f\u5c3d\u5feb\u6295\u4ea7\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c8\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e09\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee\u5e03\u70b9\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57ce\u9547\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6539\u5efa\u548c\u6269\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5185\u57309\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd8\u8fc5\u901f\u5efa\u6210\u4e8650\u4f59\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u201c\u5927\u5206\u6563\u201d\u5e03\u5c40\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u4e0a\u767e\u4e2a\u519c\u4e1a\u57ce\u9547\u56e0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u57ce\u9547\u7ecf\u6d4e\u804c\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6781\u5927\u5f3a\u5316\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u89c4\u6a21\u6301\u7eed\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u575a\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u88682\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u88682  1964~1980\u5e74\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u65b0\u5efa\u3001\u6269\u5efa\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u57ce\u5e02\u540d\uff08\u7701\u533a\u3001\u5efa\u5e02\u65f6\u95f4\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u65b0\u5efa\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u6e21\u53e3\uff08\u56db\u5ddd\uff0c1965\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\uff08\u8d35\u5dde\uff0c1978\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u5341\u5830\uff08\u6e56\u5317\uff0c1969\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u91d1\u660c\uff08\u7518\u8083\uff0c1981\u5e74\uff09<\/td>\n\n

\u5728\u975e\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\u96c6\u4e2d\u65b0\u5efa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u6269\u5efa\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u56db\u5ddd\uff1a\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u81ea\u8d21\u3001\u6cf8\u5dde\u3001\u5b9c\u5bbe\u3001\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u96c5\u5b89\u3001\u897f\u660c\u3001\u9042\u5b81\u3001\u5357\u5145\u3001\u534e\u84e5\u3001\u8fbe\u53bf\u3001\u6daa\u9675\u3001\u4e07\u53bf<\/p>\n

\u8d35\u5dde\uff1a\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u3001\u90fd\u5300\u3001\u51ef\u91cc<\/p>\n

\u4e91\u5357\uff1a\u4e2a\u65e7\u3001\u4e1c\u5ddd\u3001\u66f2\u9756<\/p>\n

\u9655\u897f\uff1a\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u6c49\u4e2d\u3001\u94dc\u5ddd<\/p>\n

\u7518\u8083\uff1a\u7389\u95e8\u3001\u5609\u5cea\u5173\u3001\u9152\u6cc9\u3001\u767d\u94f6\u3001\u5929\u6c34<\/p>\n

\u9752\u6d77\uff1a\u683c\u5c14\u6728<\/p>\n

\u5b81\u590f\uff1a\u77f3\u5634\u5c71\u3001\u5434\u5fe0\u3001\u9752\u94dc\u5ce1<\/p>\n

\u5c71\u897f\uff1a\u4faf\u9a6c\u3001\u6986\u6b21\u3001\u4e34\u6c7e<\/p>\n

\u6cb3\u5357\uff1a\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u4e09\u95e8\u5ce1\u3001\u5e73\u9876\u5c71\u3001\u5357\u9633\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u3001\u9e64\u58c1<\/p>\n

\u6e56\u5317\uff1a\u8944\u6a0a\u3001\u5b9c\u660c\u3001\u6c99\u5e02\u3001\u8346\u95e8\u3001\u4e39\u6c5f\u53e3<\/p>\n

\u6e56\u5357\uff1a\u6000\u5316\u3001\u5a04\u5e95\u3001\u51b7\u6c34\u6c5f\u3001\u6d2a\u6c5f\u3001\u5e38\u5fb7\u3001\u90b5\u9633\u3001\u5409\u9996<\/td>\n

\n

\u4f9d\u6258\u8001\u57ce\u6269\u5efa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u897f\u5b81\u3001\u94f6\u5ddd\u3001\u592a\u539f<\/td>\n\n

\u4f9d\u6258\u8001\u57ce\u6269\u5efa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u9547<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100\u4f59\u4e2a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u5c31\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u954760\u4f59\u4e2a\u3002\u5178\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5982\u7ef5\u7af9\u53bf\u6c49\u65fa\u9547\u3001\u5fb7\u9633\u53bf\u7f57\u6c5f\u9547\u3001\u6c5f\u6cb9\u53bf\u4e2d\u575d\u9547\u3001\u6b66\u90fd\u9547\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u57ce\u9547\u6570\u91cf\u591a\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5e7f\uff0c\u6b64\u8868\u6682\u4e0d\u8be6\u7ec6\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/td>\n\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u6258\u8001\u9547\u6269\u5efa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u9650\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u672c\u8868\u4ec5\u5217\u51fa\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a4\u4e2a\u65b0\u5efa\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5efa\u5e02\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u96c5\u5b89\u3001\u9042\u5b81\u3001\u6daa\u9675\u3001\u534e\u84e5\u3001\u51ef\u91cc\u3001\u66f2\u9756\u3001\u9152\u6cc9\u3001\u767d\u94f6\u3001\u5434\u5fe0\u3001\u9752\u94dc\u5ce1\u3001\u4e39\u6c5f\u53e3\u3001\u5409\u999615\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5206\u522b\u57281983\u5e74\u30011985\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011985\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011985\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011985\u5e74\u30011985\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011984\u5e74\u30011983\u5e74\u30011982\u5e74\u5efa\u5e02\uff0c\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8be515\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u57281980\u5e74\u5e95\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6545\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u5176\u7eb3\u5165\u4e09\u7ebf\u65b0\u5efa\u548c\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u672c\u8868\u5185\u5176\u4ed6\u57ce\u5e02\u5747\u4e3a1980\u5e74\u5e95\u524d\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u5e02\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u672c\u8868\u6240\u5217\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u57fa\u672c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5f53\u65f6\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c210~223\u9875\u3002\uff082\uff09\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u4e1b\u4e66\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\u7b4911\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7701\u533a\u5377\uff1b\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\u3001\u4e0b\u518c\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1989\u5e74\u7248\u3002\uff083\uff09\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u5236\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u53bf\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u6cbf\u9769\u300b\uff081949~1983\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5730\u56fe\u51fa\u7248\u793e1984\u5e74\u7248\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u7b80\u518c\u300b\uff081986\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u5730\u56fe\u51fa\u7248\u793e1987\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u5de5\u519c\u7ed3\u5408\u3001\u57ce\u4e61\u7ed3\u5408\u3001\u6709\u5229\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u8981\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u5efa\u8bbe\u3001\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u6c11\u670d\u52a1\u201d [16] \u7684\u57ce\u5efa\u65b9\u9488\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e09\u7ebf\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u4ece1964~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5171\u65b0\u8bbe\u57ce\u5e0256\u4e2a\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u603b\u6570\u7531167\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u5230223\u4e2a\uff0c\u589e\u957f33.5%\uff0c\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7ea62\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u65b0\u8bbe\u57ce\u5e0229\u4e2a\uff0c\u5360\u540c\u671f\u5168\u56fd\u65b0\u8bbe\u57ce\u5e02\u768452%\uff0c\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7ea63.1\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u3002 [17] \u5728\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u83b7\u5f97\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f3a\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7531\u6d88\u8d39\u57ce\u5e02\u5411\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u7c7b\u578b\u591a\u6837\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5404\u5f02\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u88683\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u88683  1964~1980\u5e74\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5efa\u6210\u6216\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u91cd\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02 [18] <\/u><\/i><\/b><\/td>\n\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u897f\u660c\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u3001\u90fd\u5300\u3001\u51ef\u91cc\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u6c49\u4e2d\u3001\u5929\u6c34\u3001\u9152\u6cc9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7164\u77ff\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u94dc\u5ddd\u3001\u5e73\u9876\u5c71\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u3001\u9e64\u58c1\u3001\u77f3\u5634\u5c71<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u7389\u95e8\u3001\u5357\u9633\u3001\u5357\u5145<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff08\u542b\u6709\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u7b49\uff09<\/td>\n\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u8fbe\u53bf\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u4e2a\u65e7\u3001\u4e1c\u5ddd\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u5609\u5cea\u5173\u3001\u9152\u6cc9\u3001\u91d1\u660c\u3001\u767d\u94f6\u3001\u592a\u539f\u3001\u5a04\u5e95\u3001\u51b7\u6c34\u6c5f<\/u><\/i><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7535\u529b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u4e09\u95e8\u5ce1\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u5b9c\u5bbe\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u5b9c\u660c\u3001\u592a\u539f\u3001\u4e39\u6c5f\u53e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u81ea\u8d21\u3001\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u6cf8\u5dde\u3001\u5b9c\u5bbe\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u683c\u5c14\u6728\u3001\u592a\u539f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u673a\u68b0\uff08\u542b\u7535\u5b50\uff09\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u897f\u660c\u3001\u81ea\u8d21\u3001\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u6cf8\u5dde\u3001\u96c5\u5b89\u3001\u6daa\u9675\u3001\u4e07\u53bf\u3001\u534e\u84e5\uff1b\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u3001\u90fd\u5300\u3001\u51ef\u91cc\uff1b\u6606\u660e\u3001\u66f2\u9756\uff1b\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u6c49\u4e2d\uff1b\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u5929\u6c34\uff1b\u897f\u5b81\uff1b\u94f6\u5ddd\u3001\u5434\u5fe0\uff1b\u592a\u539f\u3001\u4faf\u9a6c\u3001\u6986\u6b21\u3001\u4e34\u6c7e\uff1b\u6d1b\u9633\uff1b\u5341\u5830\u3001\u8944\u6a0a\u3001\u8346\u95e8\uff1b\u6000\u5316\u3001\u6d2a\u6c5f\u3001\u5e38\u5fb7\u3001\u90b5\u9633\u3001\u5409\u9996<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u8f7b\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8fbe\u53bf\u3001\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u9042\u5b81\u3001\u5357\u5145\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u6c99\u5e02\u3001\u4e34\u6c7e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5176\u5b83\u7c7b\u578b\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/td>\n\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5357\u5145\u3001\u5b9c\u5bbe\u3001\u8d35\u9633<\/u><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u91cd\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u517c\u4ea4\u901a\u67a2\u7ebd\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u683c\u5c14\u6728\u3001\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u3001\u6000\u5316\u3001\u592a\u539f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u592a\u539f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u53c2\u89c1\u987e\u671d\u6797\u7b49\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861999\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c185\u9875\u3002\uff082\uff09\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c210~223\u9875\uff1b\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u4e1b\u4e66\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\u7b4911\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7701\u533a\u5377\u3002\uff083\uff09\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u9042\u5b81\u57ce\u5e02\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u7ef5\u9633\u4e13\u533a\u652f\u63f4\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u5173\u4e8e\u652f\u63f4\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u51b5\u6c47\u62a5\u300b\uff081965\u5e7410\u670826\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u7ef5\u9633\u5e02\u6863\u6848\u9986\u9986\u85cf\u6863\u6848\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u5171\u7ef5\u9633\u5730\u59d4\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6863\u6848\uff081965~1983\u5e74\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u5168\u5b97\u53f774\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u53f71\u3001\u6848\u5377\u53f74\uff1b\u81ea\u8d21\u57ce\u5e02\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u653f\u534f\u81ea\u8d21\u5e02\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7eaa\u5b9e\u300b\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e2009\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u88683\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5728\u5185\u5730\u5feb\u901f\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u57f9\u80b2\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u9632\u3001\u7164\u77ff\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u3001\u7535\u529b\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u7535\u5b50\u7b49\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u7eba\u7ec7\u7b49\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5de5\u4e1a\u517c\u4ea4\u901a\u67a2\u7ebd\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6210\u6279\u6d8c\u73b0\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5efa\u57fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u575a\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6b64\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u8d85\u5e38\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u805a\u96c6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u663e\u8457\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u59cb\u7ec8\u653e\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5de5\u4e1a\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u65b0\u5174\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\uff0c\u7a81\u8fdb\u5f0f\u5730\u7531\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u534e\u5317\u548c\u4eac\u5e7f\u94c1\u8def\u6cbf\u7ebf\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u8dc3\u8fc1\u81f3\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u8fc5\u901f\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u5927\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u4ee5\u6cbf\u5b9d\u6210\u7ebf\u3001\u6210\u6606\u7ebf\u3001\u8d35\u6606\u7ebf\u3001\u5ddd\u9ed4\u7ebf\u3001\u8944\u6e1d\u7ebf\u3001\u6210\u6e1d\u7ebf\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u8f74\uff0c\u4ee5\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u91cd\u5e86\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5fb7\u9633\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u3001\u897f\u660c\u3001\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u81ea\u8d21\u3001\u6cf8\u5dde\u3001\u5185\u6c5f\u3001\u8fbe\u53bf\u7b49\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u9547\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 \u201c\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u72b6\u201d\u7684\u897f\u5357\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u96c6\u533a\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u4ee5\u6cbf\u9647\u6d77\u7ebf\u4e2d\u897f\u6bb5\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u8f74\uff0c\u4ee5\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u54b8\u9633\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u6c49\u4e2d\u3001\u7565\u9633\u3001\u6e2d\u5357\u3001\u4e34\u6f7c\u3001\u5174\u5e73\u3001\u5929\u6c34\u3001\u91d1\u660c\u7b49\u6570\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u9547\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5448\u201c\u5e26\u72b6\u578b\u201d\u7684\u897f\u5317\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u96c6\u533a\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\u662f\u4ee5\u6cbf\u592a\u7126\u7ebf\u548c\u7126\u67f3\u7ebf\u4e2d\u5317\u6bb5\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u8f74\uff0c\u4ee5\u592a\u539f\u3001\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u3001\u8944\u6a0a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4faf\u9a6c\u3001\u5357\u9633\u3001\u5341\u5830\u3001\u5b9c\u660c\u3001\u6000\u5316\u7b49\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u9547\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u534e\u5317\u3001\u534e\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u201c\u5e26\u72b6\u578b\u201d\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u805a\u96c6\u533a\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e09\u5927\u65b0\u5174\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u592a\u539f\u7b49\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8d44\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u548c\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u90fd\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u5357\u3001\u897f\u5317\u3001\u534e\u5317\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u6211\u56fd\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u3002 [19] \u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u627f\u8f7d\u7740\u4fdd\u969c\u56fd\u9632\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u6218\u65f6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u5174\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fc5\u901f\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u5efa\u6784\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u6027\u4e43\u81f3\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u589e\u957f\u6781\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u533a\u57df\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b0\u57fa\u7840\u3002 [20] \u7531\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6240\u5e26\u52a8\u7684\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8de8\u8d8a\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4ee5\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u65b0\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u65b0\u5b8c\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u201c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u201d\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5206\u6790<\/b><\/p>\n

1964~1980\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9884\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u80fd\u6e90\u4ea4\u901a\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\u3001\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0e\u52a0\u5de5\u5de5\u4e1a\u76f8\u914d\u5957\u3001\u79d1\u7814\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u6218\u7565\u540e\u65b9\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u7279\u6b8a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u5851\uff0c\u65e2\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53c8\u8fc5\u901f\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u529b\u5730\u5e26\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d7\u60e0\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4f17\u591a\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5404\u5f02\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u969c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u5907\u6218\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6218\u7565\u540e\u65b9\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u53ca\u5176\u4e3a\u4e4b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u6295\u8d44\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u7c7b\u4e4b\u4e00\u30021965~1975\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7528\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6295\u8d44\u7d2f\u8ba1\u8fbe200\u4f59\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u5360\u540c\u671f\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6295\u8d44\u603b\u989d\u768418.6%\uff0c\u5360\u540c\u671f\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6295\u8d44\u76841\/4\u5f3a\u3002\u5148\u540e\u5efa\u6210297\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u300142\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6240\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5e74\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea7\u503c130\u4ebf\u5143\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u3002 [21] \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u9662\u6240\u5927\u591a\u91c7\u53d6\u6cbf\u94c1\u8def\u5e72\u7ebf\u3001\u6cbf\u6c5f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u4f9d\u6258\u5927\u4e2d\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u91cd\u70b9\u9009\u5740\u5c71\u533a\u57ce\u9547\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6570\u4e2a\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u91cd\u9547\u3002\u5982\u4ee5\u91cd\u5e86\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5175\u5668\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u3001\u90fd\u5300\u3001\u51ef\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u4e50\u5c71\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6838\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u96c5\u5b89\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u897f\u660c\u3001\u8fbe\u53bf\u3001\u4e07\u6e90\u3001\u5ba3\u6c49\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u3001\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u51e4\u53bf\u3001\u6c49\u4e2d\u3001\u9152\u6cc9\u3001\u8944\u6a0a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u8944\u6a0a\u3001\u5341\u5830\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8c6b\u897f\u3001\u9102\u897f\u5175\u5668\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6daa\u9675\u3001\u4e07\u53bf\u3001\u5b9c\u660c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6cbf\u957f\u6c5f\u4e2d\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u8239\u8236\u5de5\u4e1a\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u57fa\u5730\u7b49\u3002 [22] \u52301975\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u539f\u503c\u548c\u51c0\u503c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6280\u672f\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u6c34\u5e73\u7b49\u90fd\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\uff0c [23] \u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u539f\u6765\u4e3b\u8981\u9760\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u7ebf\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u5730\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u5b89\u5168\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u4e3a\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u627f\u62c5\u7740\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u5f02\u519b\u7a81\u8d77\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u5c55\u6216\u8f6c\u5316\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u529f\u80fd\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7279\u8272\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u6570\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u57ce\u5e02\u8868\u73b0\u5c24\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u3002\u52301980\u5e74\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u6700\u5168\u3001\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u3001\u5b9e\u529b\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u540e\u65b9\u5175\u5de5\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u7acb\u751f\u4ea7\u56fd\u9632\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5175\u5668\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u5175\u5668\u5de5\u4e1a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u3001\u804c\u5de5\u4eba\u6570\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5747\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/4\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u5e86\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u3001\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u540e\u65b9\u6218\u7565\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u7ef5\u9633\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u897f\u660c\u5219\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u536b\u661f\u53d1\u5c04\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002 [24] \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5bf9\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u5168\u65b0\u518d\u9020\u201d\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u57ce\u9547\u65e0\u7591\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u969c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u63a8\u8fdb\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u4e3b\u4f53<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u517c\u5177\u201c\u5907\u6218\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u201d\u53cc\u91cd\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u4ece\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8981\u5907\u6218\u548c\u957f\u671f\u7ed3\u5408\u201d\uff0c [25] \u505a\u5230\u6218\u5907\u548c\u957f\u671f\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u4e24\u624b\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u56fd\u9632\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0b\uff0c\u5217\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u4e8b\u6b66\u5668\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c [26] \u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u5185\u5730\u8fc5\u901f\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ee5\u5185\u5730\u5927\u4e2d\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e868\u5927\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u65e2\u5174\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u9aa8\u5e72\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u53c8\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u94a2\u94c1\u3001\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u7535\u529b\u3001\u6709\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u5236\u9020\u3001\u8f7b\u5de5\u4e1a\u7b49\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u90ae\u7535\u5efa\u8bbe\u628a\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u65b0\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u751f\u4ea7\u57fa\u5730\u3001\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u8fde\u6210\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u57fa\u672c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u95e8\u7c7b\u6bd4\u8f83\u9f50\u5168\u3001\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u9010\u6b65\u534f\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5927\u540e\u65b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u52301970\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5185\u5730\u5171\u5f62\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u539f\u503c1400\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/3\uff0c\u5efa\u6210\u5168\u6c11\u6240\u6709\u5236\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a2.9\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u5f62\u621045\u4e2a\u4ee5\u91cd\u5927\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u79d1\u7814\u57fa\u5730\u548c30\u4e2a\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3002 [27] <\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u91cd\u5fc3\u7684\u897f\u79fb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u663e\u8457\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u83b7\u5f97\u98de\u8dc3\u5f0f\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u52301980\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u94a2\u94c1\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u7684 27%\uff1b\u94dd\u3001\u949b\u3001\u954d\u3001\u94bc\u3001\u94c5\u3001\u950c\u3001\u9521\u3001\u5355\u6676\u7845\u3001\u94dc\u3001\u786c\u8d28\u5408\u91d1\u7b49 10 \u79cd\u6709\u8272\u91d1\u5c5e\u4ea7\u91cf\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u4ea7\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u7eaf\u78b1\u3001\u70e7\u78b1\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/5\uff0c\u786b\u9178\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/3\uff0c\u5316\u80a5\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u768441%\uff1b\u6c34\u6ce5\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u768431%\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u73bb\u7483\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u768427%\u3002 [28] \u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u539f\u7164\u4ea7\u91cf\u7531 1964\u5e74\u76848367.2\u4e07\u5428\u589e\u52a0\u52301975 \u5e74\u76842.12 \u4ebf\u5428\uff0c\u5360\u540c\u671f\u5168\u56fd\u7164\u70ad\u589e\u957f\u603b\u989d2.67\u4ebf\u5428\u768447.9%\uff1b\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u804c\u5de5\u4eba\u6570\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u539f\u503c\u548c\u673a\u5e8a\u6570\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u673a\u68b0\u603b\u989d\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\uff0c\u5747\u4ece1964\u5e74\u5e95\u5360\u4e0d\u52301\/5\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u53601\/3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e5f\u4ece1964\u5e74\u53601\/5 \u5de6\u53f3\u4e0a\u5347\u52301975\u5e74\u53601\/4 \u5de6\u53f3\u3002 [29] \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u91cf\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u957f\u30021964~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u4ece258\u4ebf\u5143\u589e\u957f\u52301270\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e863.9\u500d\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u671f\u5168\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u4ece1164\u4ebf\u5143\u589e\u957f\u52304992\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e863.2\u500d\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5168\u56fd\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u768422%\uff1b\u540c\u671f\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u753122.15%\u63d0\u9ad8\u523025.44%\u3002 [30] \u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5168\u56fd1500\u4f59\u5bb6\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u536040%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002 [31] \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u65e0\u53ef\u7f6e\u7591\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u63a8\u8fdb\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u5177\u6709\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c [32] \u800c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u4e5f\u4ece\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5374\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u663e\u8457\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5730\u65b0\u5174\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u9aa8\u5e72\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u529b\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u804c\u80fd\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u7b49\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5185\u5730\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u77ff\u4e1a\u3001\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u636e\u88683\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6279\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u6709\u7164\u77ff\u57ce\u5e026\u4e2a\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u67093\u4e2a\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u670917\u4e2a\u3001\u7535\u529b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u67097\u4e2a\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u670910\u4e2a\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u670942\u4e2a\u3001\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u670910\u4e2a\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e027\u4e2a\u3002\u8fd9\u6279\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u63091980\u5e74\u5e95\u524d\u8bbe\u5e02\u8ba1\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u52301980\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u603b\u6570223\u4e2a\u768424%\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u4e0d\u540c\u804c\u80fd\u7684\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u804c\u80fd\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6df1\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u804c\u80fd\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u62d3\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b0\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u5730\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5747\u8861\u3002\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u59cb\u7ec8\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u8981\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u5efa\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u57ce\u5efa\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u503e\u659c\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u6b64\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u56fd\u5bb6\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u5730\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u30021964\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5171\u6709\u8bbe\u5e02\u57ce\u5e02167\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a68\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a40.7\uff05\u548c54.4\uff05\uff1b\u4e2d\u90e8\u5730\u533a68\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a40.7\uff05\u548c30.9\uff05\uff1b\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a31\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a18.6\uff05\u548c14.8\uff05\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u3001\u9655\u897f\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u7b49\u7701\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5e03\u5c40\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u52301980\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5171\u6709\u8bbe\u5e02\u57ce\u5e02223\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a78\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a35.0\uff05\u548c48.6\uff05\uff1b\u4e2d\u90e8\u5730\u533a100\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a44.8\uff05\u548c32.8\uff05\uff1b\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a45\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a20.2\uff05\u548c18.6\uff05\u3002 [33] \u4e09\u5927\u533a\u57df\u95f4\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u6bd4\u4f8b\u75311964\u5e74\u76841\ufe301\ufe300.46\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a1980\u5e74\u76841\ufe301.28\ufe300.58\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u5316\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u5373\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u660e\u663e\u5feb\u4e8e\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e2d\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u4ece68\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u5230100\u4e2a\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e8647%\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0a\u5347\u4e864.1\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0a\u5347\u4e861.9\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff1b\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u4ece31\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u523045\u4e2a\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e8635.5%\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u6570\u91cf\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0a\u5347\u4e861.6\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0a\u5347\u4e863.8\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u3002\u7c4d\u6b64\u53ef\u800c\u89c1\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6709\u529b\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u4e861964~1980\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5411\u5747\u8861\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u89c4\u6a21\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u6258\u5185\u5730\u5927\u4e2d\u57ce\u5e02\u5982\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u897f\u5b81\u3001\u94f6\u5ddd\u3001\u592a\u539f\u3001\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u81ea\u8d21\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u3001\u54b8\u9633\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u65e2\u6709\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u5c0f\u96c6\u4e2d\u201d\u5e03\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u57ce\u5e02\u662f\u7701\u4f1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u6269\u5f20\u4ee5\u53ca\u57ce\u5e02\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u62d3\u5c55\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5438\u5f15\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u548c\u63a8\u52a8\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ee51963\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u7701\u4f1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a100.0\uff0c\u52301978\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u7701\u4f1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5e73\u5747\u8fbe150.44\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u671f\u7684\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u897f\u5b81\u3001\u94f6\u5ddd\u3001\u592a\u539f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5e73\u5747\u8fbe268.54\uff0c [34] \u52301980\u5e74\uff0c\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a100\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02, [35] \u8db3\u89c1\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u7701\u4f1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c1964~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4ece18\u4e2a\u589e\u957f\u523030\u4e2a\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e8666.7%\uff1b\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u4ece42\u4e2a\u589e\u957f\u523072\u4e2a\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e8671.4%\uff1b\u800c\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u59cb\u5374\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u5728100\u4e2a\u5de6\u53f3\u3002 [36] \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d1b\u9633\u3001\u5b9d\u9e21\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u5df2\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u6e21\u53e3\u3001\u5341\u5830\u3001\u7126\u4f5c\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u5168\u56fd\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u7ed3\u6784\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u4f18\u5148\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u7f13\u6162\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u201c\u7578\u5f3a\u7578\u5f31\u201d\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u7578\u5f3a\u7578\u5f31\u201d\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u89c4\u6a21\u7ed3\u6784\u8fc8\u5411\u201c\u5927\u578b\u5316\u201d\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u6210\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u5185\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u589e\u957f\u6781<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u89c4\u6a21\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u5185\u5730\u8bf8\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ca\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u53c8\u4f9d\u8d56\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u57ce\u4e61\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9002\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u4e3a\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5185\u5730\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f34\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5185\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u56e0\u5176\u4e3a\u5730\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u6587\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\u6216\u8005\u5438\u7eb3\u672c\u5730\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8fdb\u5165\u975e\u519c\u9886\u57df\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u751f\u957f\u70b9\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u957f\u70b9\u7684\u62d3\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5404\u5f02\u3001\u8f90\u5c04\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u751f\u957f\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u4ea4\u878d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u5730\u65b9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5c31\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u4e92\u8865\u3001\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u6570\u4e2a\u589e\u957f\u6781\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5185\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f34\u751f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u52a8\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u76f8\u7ee7\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u589e\u957f\u6781\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u666e\u904d\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e09\u7ebf\u7701\u533a\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u96c6\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u5728\u5185\u5730\u5efa\u6210\u768445\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u79d1\u7814\u57fa\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u5730\u6838\u5fc3\u768430\u4f59\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7279\u8272\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6781\u4e3a\u843d\u540e\u7684\u8d35\u5dde\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ee5\u539f\u6709\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6cbf\u56db\u6761\u94c1\u8def\u5e72\u7ebf\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u8d35\u9633\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u516d\u76d8\u6c34\u3001\u9075\u4e49\u3001\u90fd\u5300\u3001\u51ef\u91cc\u3001\u5b89\u987a\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fc5\u901f\u5e26\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u53bf\u57ce\u5206\u522b\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u94a2\u94c1\u3001\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u7535\u529b\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u822a\u7a7a\u3001\u822a\u5929\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5360\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8d35\u5dde\u5404\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u804c\u80fd\u548c\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8fd8\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u8d35\u5dde\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4ece1964~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u8d35\u5dde\u5de5\u4e1a\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u4ece8.35\u4ebf\u5143\u589e\u52a0\u523043.99\u4ebf\u5143\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u4e864.27\u500d\u3002 [37] \u800c\u8d35\u5dde\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u53c8\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5168\u7701\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u56e0\u201c\u5927\u5206\u6563\u201d\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u6781\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u4e09\u7ebf\u91cd\u5927\u9879\u76ee\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u91cd\u5e86\u3001\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u897f\u5b89\u3001\u5170\u5dde\u3001\u8d35\u9633\u3001\u6606\u660e\u7b49\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6c47\u96c6\u4e86\u5168\u56fd\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u4eba\u624d\u3001\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5185\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u6e90\u4e0e\u5e26\u52a8\u7701\u57df\u6027\u4e43\u81f3\u8de8\u7701\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u589e\u957f\u6781\u3002\u4ee5\u5185\u5730\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3a\u8f7d\u4f53\u7684\u589e\u957f\u6781\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5f00\u53d1\u5927\u897f\u5357\u3001\u5927\u897f\u5317\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u57fa\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u4e14\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u5386\u53f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u201d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u201c\u5de6\u201d\u503e\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u56fd\u5185\u590d\u6742\u5c40\u52bf\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u91cd\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u4e0e\u5931\u8bef\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u4f34\u59cb\u7ec8\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u5176\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8f83\u4e4b\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u504f\u5dee\u4e0e\u5931\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5206\u6563\u3001\u9760\u5c71\u3001\u8fdb\u5c71\u3001\u8fdb\u6d1e\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bb8\u591a\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u96be\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7ee7\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f9d\u6258\u5c0f\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5c0f\u57ce\u9547\u5e03\u70b9\u800c\u5174\u7684\u65b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u57ce\u9547\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u4f01\u4e1a\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5168\u548c\u201c\u4e00\u5382\u4e00\u70b9\u6216\u591a\u70b9\u201d\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e03\u5c40\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u5236\u7ea6\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7247\u9762\u5f3a\u5236\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u4e0d\u5efa\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f4e\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5e72\u6253\u5792\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u53d6\u6d88\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d22\u653f\u62e8\u6b3e\u6237\u5934\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8981\u6c42\u6d88\u9664\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u70b9\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u7279\u5f81\u201d\u7b49\u4e34\u6218\u5efa\u8bbe\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u66f4\u5bfc\u81f4\u5404\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u5148\u5929\u6027\u7f3a\u9677\u201d\u3002 [38] \u7136\u800c\uff0c1978\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c8\u4e13\u95e8\u5bf9\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8620\u4f59\u5e74\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u3002\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4ee5\u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u5411\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u642c\u8fc1\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u5efa\u8bbe\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u3001\u519b\u6c11\u7ed3\u5408\u201d\u7b49\u65b0\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u4e09\u7ebf\u5de5\u4e1a\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u4e3a\u4f17\u591a\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u57ce\u5e02\u5747\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u548c\u66f4\u5e7f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u4f17\u591a\u4e09\u7ebf\u4f01\u4e1a\u5411\u90e8\u5206\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u642c\u8fc1\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u201c\u5927\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u5927\u91cd\u5e86\u201d\u57ce\u5e02\u7fa4\u3001\u5e7f\u5143\u2014\u6c5f\u6cb9\u2014\u7ef5\u9633\u2014\u5fb7\u9633\u548c\u4e50\u5c71\u2014\u5185\u6c5f\u2014\u81ea\u8d21\u2014\u5b9c\u5bbe\u2014\u6cf8\u5dde\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u3002 [39] <\/u><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4ece1964~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u957f\u8fbe\u8fd117\u5e74\u7684\u4ee5\u5907\u6218\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u4ee5\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u4ee5\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8f83\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u89c4\u6a21\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb [40] \uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cd\u70b9\u53d1\u5c55\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u65e2\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u6218\u7565\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u751a\u4e3a\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u548c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u53d1\u6325\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u800c\u53c8\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u65f6\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u5f97\u5931\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u624d\u4ece\u81ea\u8eab\u56fd\u60c5\u51fa\u53d1\u5e76\u4e14\u9075\u5faa\u4e16\u754c\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u822c\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u5468\u660e\u957f\uff081970-\uff09\uff0c\u7537\uff0c\u6c49\u65cf\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u5fb7\u9633\u4eba\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u9662\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e13\u4e1a2011\u7ea7\u535a\u58eb\u751f\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u5efa\u7b51\u804c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7cfb\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u57ce\u5e02\u53f2\u3002\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u8bfe\u9898\uff08\u6c5f\u82cf\u77012012\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u79d1\u7814\u521b\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u56db\u5ddd\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u8bfe\u9898\uff082014\u5e74\u5fb7\u9633\u5e02\u793e\u79d1\u8054\u91cd\u70b9\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7ed3\u9898\u62a5\u544a\u8fbe17\u4e07\u5b57\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd18\u4e07\u5b57\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bfe\u9898\u7533\u62a5\u548c\u7edf\u7a3f\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u3001\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u5fb7\u9633\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u300b\u8bfe\u9898\uff08\u7ed3\u9898\u62a5\u544a\u8fbe9\u4e07\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u79d1\u57fa\u91d1\u9879\u76ee\u300a\u897f\u5357\u5730\u533a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u8fc1\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u7b49\u3002\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u65b9\u9762\u8bba\u658710\u4f59\u7bc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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 [\u2460]  \u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\uff1a\u4e00\u7ebf\u662f\u6307\u6cbf\u6d77\u548c\u8fb9\u7586\u7701\u3001\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\uff1b\u4e09\u7ebf\u662f\u6307\u7518\u8083\u7701\u4e4c\u9798\u5cad\u4ee5\u4e1c\u3001\u5c71\u897f\u7701\u96c1\u95e8\u5173\u4ee5\u5357\u3001\u4eac\u5e7f\u94c1\u8def\u4ee5\u897f\u548c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u97f6\u5173\u4ee5\u5317\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u9655\u897f\u3001\u7518\u8083\u3001\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u5b81\u590f\uff0c\u6cb3\u5357\u3001\u6e56\u5317\u3001\u6e56\u5357\u3001\u5c71\u897f\u7684\u897f\u90e8\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7684\u5317\u90e8\u3001\u5e7f\u897f\u7684\u897f\u5317\u90e8\uff0c\u5171\u8ba113\u4e2a\u7701\u533a\uff1b\u4e8c\u7ebf\u662f\u6307\u5176\u4f59\u7701\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a1949~1979\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7edf\u8ba1\u63d0\u8981\u300b\u5c06\u5ddd\u3001\u6ec7\u3001\u8d35\u3001\u9655\u3001\u7518\u3001\u5b81\u3001\u9752\u3001\u6e58\u3001\u9102\u3001\u8c6b\u3001\u664b11\u7701\u533a\u5212\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\uff08\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e09\u7ebf11\u4e2a\u7701\u533a\u56fd\u571f\u9762\u79ef\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/4\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u53e33\u4ebf\u591a\uff0c\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u76841\/3\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u5747\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u5212\u5b9a\u768411\u4e2a\u7701\u533a\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2461]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u59d4\uff1a\u300a\u201c\u56db\u4e94\u201d\u8ba1\u5212\u7eb2\u8981\u8349\u6848\u300b\uff081970\u5e742\u6708\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u5468\u6069\u6765\u9009\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u4e0b\u5377\uff09\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e1984\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c439\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2462]  \u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u57281965\u5e749\u6708\u4e2d\u592e\u6279\u51c6\u3001\u4e8e1966\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u300a\u6c47\u62a5\u63d0\u7eb2\u300b\u548c\u300a1966\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\u7eb2\u8981\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u51cf\u3002\u9648\u4e1c\u6797\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u2014\u2014\u5907\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u897f\u90e8\u5f00\u53d1\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u515a\u6821\u51fa\u7248\u793e 2003 \u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c104\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2463]  \u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u732e\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5efa\u56fd\u4ee5\u6765\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u732e\u9009\u7f16\u300b\uff08\u7b2c20\u518c\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e 1998\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c360\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2464]  \u674e\u5bcc\u66251964\u5e749\u670821\u65e5\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8ba1\u5212\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6768\u8d85\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c135\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2465]  \u300a\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u51b3\u7b56\u6587\u732e\u9009\u7f16\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u515a\u7684\u6587\u732e\u300b1995\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c33~34\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2466]  \u300a\u5168\u56fd\u642c\u8fc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7eaa\u8981\uff08\u8349\u7a3f\uff09\u300b\uff081965\u5e749\u67082\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7f16\uff1a\u300a1958~1965\u5e74\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u9009\u7f16\u300b\uff08\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u6295\u8d44\u4e0e\u5efa\u7b51\u4e1a\u5377\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51fa\u7248\u793e2011\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c509~510\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2467]  \u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u4e1b\u4e66\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\u7b4911\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u7701\u533a\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2468]  \u6797\u51cc\u3001\u674e\u6811\u6842\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u751f\u4ea7\u5e03\u5c40\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c117\u9875\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [\u2469]  \u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u201c1964\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u59d4\u4ece\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u4e24\u7701\u4e0b\u9a6c\u5382\u4e2d\u62e8\u7ed9\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a47\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fc1\u5efa\u5382\u9009\u5740\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u201c1964\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u5171\u8fc1\u5efa29\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u30019700\u591a\u4eba\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fc1\u5165\u56db\u5ddd\u5883\u5185\u7684\u5171\u670914\u9879\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u662f\u8fc1\u5230\u4e2d\u5c0f\u57ce\u9547\u6216\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u8fdc\u90ca\u533a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u6216\u8f66\u95f4\u8fc1\u5230\u6210\u90fd\u3001\u91cd\u5e86\u5e02\u533a\u3002\u591a\u6570\u8fc1\u5efa\u5382\u90fd\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e09\u5e74\u8c03\u6574\u65f6\u671f\u4e0b\u9a6c\u7684\u5382\u623f\u6216\u8005\u5e76\u5165\u7701\u5185\u539f\u6709\u5de5\u5382\u201d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u59d4\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u59d4\u3001\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u529e\u548c\u4e00\u673a\u3001\u516b\u673a\u3001\u94c1\u9053\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u3001\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u5efa\u5de5\u3001\u5efa\u6750\u7b4910\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u3001\u59d4\u3001\u529e\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u5730\u8e0f\u52d8\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u8fdb\u884c\u642c\u8fc1\u548c\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9009\u5740\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u6768\u8d85\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c144\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [11]  \u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c20\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [12]  \u6768\u8d85\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c149~150\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [13] \u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e74\u9274\u300b\u7f16\u59d4\u4f1a\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e74\u9274\uff081986~1987\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c376\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [14]  \u6797\u51cc\uff0c\u674e\u6811\u6842\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u751f\u4ea7\u5e03\u5c40\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c66~73\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [15]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u603b\u961f\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc31990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c4\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [16]  \u66f9\u6d2a\u6d9b\u3001\u50a8\u4f20\u4ea8\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c609\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [17]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u603b\u961f\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc31990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c3\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [18]  \u4ece\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u7c7b\u578b\u8bb2\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd9\u4e00\u57ce\u5e02\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u591a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u91cd\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u56e0\u672c\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u7279\u5217\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u57ce\u5e02\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u8be510\u4f59\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u5176\u90ca\u533a\u3001\u90ca\u53bf\u548c\u5c71\u533a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u7814\u9662\u6240\u3001\u767e\u4f59\u4e2a\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u56fd\u9632\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ca\u4e3a\u4e4b\u914d\u5957\u7684\u519b\u6c11\u7ed3\u5408\u3001\u6c11\u7528\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [19]  \u636e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c1965~1980\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u7b499\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u5b89\u6392\u91cd\u8981\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee188\u9879\uff0c\u6295\u8d44137\u4ebf\u5143\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u8f7b\u7eba\u98df\u54c1\u3001\u5316\u5de5\u548c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u7efc\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4f53\u7cfb\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8fc5\u731b\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c222~223\u9875\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u57281973\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\u5efa\u8bbe \u8d35\u9633 \u3001 \u91cd\u5e86 \u3001 \u5b89\u987a \u3001 \u7ef5\u9633 \u56db\u4e2a\u91cd\u70b9\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [20]  \u4ece\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u800c\u5174\u8d77\u76843\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u5e26\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u6700\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u672c\u8eab\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u65bd\u201c\u897f\u90e8\u5927\u5f00\u53d1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e2d\u90e8\u5d1b\u8d77\u201d\u6218\u7565\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [21]  \u5f6d\u654f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c169\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [22]  \u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c142~163\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [23]  \u5f6d\u654f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c170\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [24]  \u6797\u51cc\u3001\u674e\u6811\u6842\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u7ebf\u751f\u4ea7\u5e03\u5c40\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c100~102\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [25]  \u5468\u6069\u6765\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u300b\uff081965\u5e744\u670812\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u515a\u7684\u6587\u732e\u300b1995\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c39\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [26]  \u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u603b\u6295\u8d442052.68\u4ebf\u5143\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u9632\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4e1a\u536012%\uff0c\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u536045%\uff0c\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5de5\u4e1a\u536032%\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u52a0\u5de5\u5de5\u4e1a\u536011%\u3002\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c30\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [27]  \u5b59\u5065\u7f16\u8457:\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\uff081949~90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1992\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c371\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [28]  \u9a6c\u6cc9\u5c71\uff1a\u300a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\uff081966~1978\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ba1\u7406\u51fa\u7248\u793e1998\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c266\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [29]  \u5f6d\u654f\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c177~180\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [30]  \u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c36\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [31]  \u6c6a\u6d77\u6ce2\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\u300b\uff081949.10~1998\uff09\uff0c\u5c71\u897f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51fa\u7248\u793e1998\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c481\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [32]  \u6709\u8d44\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u57281980\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u9664\u4e1c\u5317\u548c\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u5de5\u4e1a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u6700\u5168\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u603b\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u5730\uff1b1978\u5e74\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u539f\u503c\u5c45\u5168\u56fd\u7b2c2\u4f4d\uff1b1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u56db\u5ddd\u7701GDP\u603b\u91cf\u5c45\u5168\u56fd\u7b2c5\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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 [33]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u603b\u961f\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc31990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c3\u300154\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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 [34]  \u636e\u987e\u671d\u6797\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u9547\u4f53\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u5386\u53f2\u00b7\u73b0\u72b6\u00b7\u5c55\u671b\u300b\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99861996\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c193~194\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [35]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u603b\u961f\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc31990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c74~77\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [36]  \u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u57ce\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u603b\u961f\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u54a8\u8be2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc31990\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c5\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [37]  \u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff1a\u300a\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u300b\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c36\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [38]  \u4ec5\u4ee5\u201c\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f4e\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5e72\u6253\u5792\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u786e\u4e5f\u8282\u7ea6\u51fa\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f4e\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5e72\u6253\u5792\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u6210\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u8f6c\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u8feb\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u3001\u8d22\u529b\u3001\u7269\u529b\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9020\u3002\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5236\u7ea6\u4e86\u5185\u5730\u57ce\u4e61\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u53d1\u5c55\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

 [39]  \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u7ebf\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e09\u7ebf\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5916\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u5e03\u70b9\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8870\u843d\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e09\u7ebf\u4f01\u4e1a\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u5c31\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5e03\u70b9\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u65b0\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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 [40]  \u6839\u636e\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e09\u7ebf\u5efa\u8bbe\u8c03\u6574\u6539\u9020\u89c4\u5212\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u201c\u4e09\u7ebf\u5730\u533a\u5171\u6709\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9662\u62401945\u4e2a\u3002\u7ecf\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u597d\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d21\u732e\u5927\uff0c\u5efa\u8bbe\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u536048%\uff1b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bbe\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\uff0c\u536045%\uff1b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\uff0c\u5382\u5740\u5b58\u5728\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u79d1\u7814\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u5c55\u524d\u9014\u7684\uff0c\u53607%\u3002\u201d \u5411\u5609\u8d35\uff1a\u300a\u7565\u8bba\u5927\u4e09\u7ebf\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5f00\u53d1\u7814\u7a76\u300b1987\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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